Escapement mechanism for the carriage of a typewriter



' E. BUSCHMANN Aug. 20, 1940.

' sscnmmu'r MECHANISM FOR THE summer: OF A wrfiwm-mn Filed larch 9, 1939- 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 I 71 V8 722 0 E0967: Bua'cl mann l a Affor:1eya I Aug. 20, 1940. I 2,212,435

ESCAPENEKT MECHANISM FOR THE CARRIAGE OF A TY PEWRITER E. BUSCHMAN'N Pned larch 9. 1939 s smumnm z IwVenZbr: Eager Buaclmzrnz E. BuscHMAN N Aug. 20. 1940.

'ESGAPEIEN'I' MECHANISM FOR THE CARRIAQE 'OF A TYPEWRITER 6 Shoots-Span 3 V I77 V6 72 for, Eugen Buqclmawrz I :4 ZZ arfiey;

W. 20,1 E. BUSCHMANN 2,212,435

ESCAPEIENT IBGiiANISI FOR THE CKRRI'AGE OF A- TYPEWRITER El /yen gus'czmamv Aug, 20, 194o1 E. BUSCHMANN ESCAPEMENT MECHANISM FOR THE CABR'IAGE'OF A TYPEWRITER Filed March 9, 1939 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 I 71 verrza/w' uyen Bud-c17 3 Patented Aug. 20, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ESCAPEMENT MECHANISM FOR THE CAR- RIAGE OF A TYPEWRITER Eugen Buschmann, Chemnitz, Germany, assignor to Wanderer-Werke Aktiengesellschaft, Siegmar-Schonau, Germany Application March 9,1939, Serial No. 260,852 In Germany March 10, 1938 10 Claims. (Cl. 197-84 This invention relates to improvements in escapement mechanisms for the carriage of a typewriter, having a movable escapement pawl, which, in a carriage stepping operation, is;mo-

mentarily disengaged from the teeth of the escapement wheel and performs under spring action a stroke of greater or lesser length according to the setting of an adjustable abutment, and a setting device for this abutment which can be set to different positions by a case shifting mechanism which conditions the machine for printing diiferent types on a type carrier, and which setting device according to its setting, is acted upon during typing by-extensions arranged in different positions on key actuated parts as described in U. S. application Serial No. 727,565, flied May 25, 1934. i

The invention of the present application has for an objectto improve theconstruction and operation of the escapement mechanism of said prior application and it consists in arranging the setting device directly opposite theextensions in such. a manner that it is operableby the extensions themselves. Other objects and features of the invention will appear hereinafter.

Several constructional examples of the mechanism of the invention areshown in the accompanying drawings in which parts of the typewriter not concerned with the invention are omitted for cleamess.

Figure 1 is a section through the typewriter with the parts in position of rest,

, Figs. 2 to 5 are similar views with the parts shown in different operating positions, Figs. 3 to 5 including merely the right hand side.

Fig. 6 is a partial rear view of the typewriter oi Fig. 1,

Fig. '7 is a section through a modi'fledformof the invention applied to a typewriter with'more than two case shift positions,

Figs. 8 to 1'7 are detail views of the modification of Fig. 7,

Fig. 18 is a rear view of the escapement mechanism according to Fig. 7 with the parts in position of rest, I v

Fig. 19 is a rear view corresponding to Fig. 18 'with the parts shown positioned in double width spacing, Fig. 20 is a section on line 23-2l-of Fig. 18, Fig. 21 is a rear view corresponding .to Fig. 18 of a further construction of the escapement for more than two different spacings, and 7' Figs. 22 to 26 are detail views of the construc tion of Fig. 21. v

lntheexampieshowninl 'igsrltomtheframe' i of a small or'portable typewriter supports a case shift member 2 by means of a slot guide 3 carrying the platen roller 9 is longitudinally 10 movable. On actuating the case shift key 5, the case shift member 2 and the platen roller 9 are raised or lowered so that during typing the upper or lower type of the types 20a, 20b on the type lever I9 is caused to print. The paper car- 15 riage'ii has a rack l0 attached thereto which engages a toothed wheel I2 fixed to the escapement-wheel II, and during typing the carriage is advanced stepwise in longitudinal direction by the carriage spring, not shown.

The stepwise operation of the escapement wheel II is effected in the usual manner by rocking an escapement member l4 about its axis 13 (Fig. 6). The escapement member 13 is pro-' vided with a fixed pawl l3 and a movable pawl 26 i5,the latter being pivoted to the escapement member l4 at 10. On striking a key 16, the key lever I1 is rocked about -the common axis l8 of the key levers 11, against the action of a spring 33 attached to the rear end .42 of the key lever -l|. The. lever l9 has a type head 20 carrying the types 23a and 20b, and is pivoted about an axis 22. The type lever I9 is actuated by the key lever I'I through links 23, 23 and 2!.lever'26 piv-" oted on a rod 25. The type lever l9 has a. nose 35 23 which during a printing movement of the lever 19, moves a universal bar 30, pivotable about an axis", away from a stop 32 (Fig. 1) against the action of a spring 3|. The movement .of the universal bar '33 is transmitted to a bar 33 Jointed o tion of a spring 31, as shown in Fig. 6, into a 5 position in which it lies in front of one of the next teeth gaps 33' or 33" of the escapement wheel fl. The end position of the ,movable escapement pawl l5 and-consequently the selecflon ofthe'toothed gap 38', 38" to be entered u ment member l4 by means of a pivot 52. On

this pivot 62 on the escapement member l4 there is also supported a rock lever 63 which effects in manner to be described subsequently, the shift ing of the abutment 39 against the action of its spring 48, by means of a heel 54 engaging a pin 65 on the abutment 39-. In the double or two step spacing position the adjustable abutment 39 is limited in its movement by engagement of a lug 68 thereon against a bent portion 89 of the escapement member i4. v

In position of rest, that is when the paper carriage 8 is standing still, the movable pawl 15 has its arm 1| which engages the spring 31,

in contact with a stop lug 12. In this position. the movable escapement pawl I5 is held by the escapement wheel H, which under the influence of the carriage spring, not shown, acting in the direction of the arrow 21, tends to turn the movable pawl I5 against the action of its spring 51, in right-hand direction, Fig. 6, about the pivot 10. The escapement member I4 is pivotally mounted on stub pins 14 supported in arms :13 of the case shift member 2.

In order -to provide in both case shift positions of the paper carriage 8, not only for the usual advance step corresponding to the width of the type characters, but also for a step of double width, four different key lever groups are provided according to this modification of the invention. These groups are determined by the nature and arrangement of extensions 44a, 44b, which can be mounted on the rear ends 42 of the key levers I1 of the several. groups. These extensions 44a, 44b influence during the typing and in dependence on the case shift position of the paper carriage 8, the adjustable abutment 39 for the movable escapement pawl l5 as will be hereinafter described.

To provide for a shifting ofthe abutment 35 from the chain-dotted line position shown in Fig. 6 into the full line position in which the together with the shaft 41, form a rocking frame pivoted about an axis 50 in branches 4! of the machine frame I and held by a spring 5! against a projection 52 of the frame I. Movement of the rocking frame 41, 48, 49, against the action of the spring15l is transmitted to the abutment 39 through a rod 53 connected to the arms 49, a link 54 jointed to said rod, ;.a bell-crank leverv 55, 56 pivoted at 51 to a branch 58 of the case shift member 2, a connecting rod GI and an arm 63 .vided with extensions. for the paper carriage '8 in this instance is jointed to said rod and carrying the heel 64 which co-operates with pin '65 on the abutment 39,

Fig. 6. Such a movement of the rocking frame 41, 48, 49 takes place when during typing an extension 44a, 44bencounters the correspondingly adjusting setting member45,

The adjusting of the setting member 45 in dependency on the case shift position is effected through a setting arm 58 by means of a link 58 jointed to said arm'and to the branch 68 of the case shift member 2. In the lower case position of the member 2 and platen roller 9, in which the types 20a are in printing positions, Figs. 1., 3 and 4, the setting member 45 is adjusted to theposition A. In the upper case posi-' tion in which the type 2811- is in printing position,

Figs. 2 and 5, the setting member 45 is in the position B, owing to the turning of the shaft 41 branch 4|, and the bell-crank lever 55, 55 pivoted in the case shift member'2, is avoided during a case shift operation.

On striking keys for typing characters of ordinary width the setting member 45 is not influenced from the key lever. The corresponding key levers ll of this lever group are not pro- The escapement device cording to its setting in the position A or B, and.

to the arrangement of the extensions 44a, 44b on the key lever ends 42, is rocked together with the rocking frame 41, 48, 48, about the axis 58, whereby an advance step' of double width is made possible owing to the described adjustment of the abutment 38.

By providing an extension 44a on the-end .42

.of a key lever I1, there is effected an operation of the setting member 45 during typing only in its position A (Fig. 4), that is an advance step of double width is effected only when the lower type 28a of the type lever associated with this key is in printing position. Inthe position B of the setting member 45 (Fig. 5) the extension 44a passes over the setting member 45 when the key is operated, without affecting the same. Hence in printing the upper type 20b of the type lever associated with this key, there .takesplace only a single width advance step, H

(ill

By providing an extension 44b actuation of v of the associated type lever is in printing position. In the position ,A (fig-m3); the setting member 451s notinfluenced :by. the extension 44b during typing,-so'.that"in typing.-.with' the .lower type 20a, only an escapement steprriof single .width .takes place; Inrorder to-obtainl an escapement step of doublewidth in both case positions of the case shift member (2) and the platen roller 9, that is both in the position A and the position 13 of the setting member 48, when operating certain keys I8, the ends 42 of the associated key levers I1 are provided with both extensions 44a and extensions 44b. The arrangement may be such that one of each extensions 44a and 44b may be attached to the associated key leverend 42. There may, however, be provided a single abutment member 44.

which combines the function of the two abutment members 44a and 44b (Fig. 1).

The extensions are suitably attached to the key lever ends 42 by screws, rivets or like connections, so that they can at any time be removed and exchanged.

The numberoi' key lever groups and corresponding variability in the extensions 44 is obviously increased either when more than two step widths or more than two-case shift positions of the paper carriage 8 are provided. 'I'he'arrangement of the different extensions 44a and 44b and their distribution on the several key levers I1 01' a group can be effected as desired according to the desired keyboard without modifying the basic construction of the machine. Case shifts can easily be provided in the finished machine when a different keyboard or type arrangement is desired, because it is only neces-' sary to change the kind of extensions 44 mountedon the rear ends 42 of the several key levers I1, for this purpose.

In the modification of Figs. 7 to 20 the invention is so applied to a typewriter of a different kind. This machine hasa frame 18 in which a 5 frame 83 and which raises the same upon depression of the case shift key 98. In this manner and through the medium of a rail 84 mounted on the case shift frame .83 and a roller 85, the platen roller 11 on the paper carriage 18 is raised from the lower position shown in Fig. 7 in which the type I2-3a of the type lever I24 is in'printing position, into one or another higher position. in

which one of the other types I23b, I 230 comes into printing position. 5 To the machine frame 18 there is attached a is mounted: on pivots IOI (Figs '1, 18, 19 and 20) and which can rock transversely to the plane of rotation of an escapement wheel I03. The ascapement mem ber I02 has a pawl carrier I04 slidably engaging a guide pin I05 on said member. The pawl carrier I04 to which the movable pawl I09 is pivoted at II 0, is provided with a looking pin I08 which normally (Figs. 7 and 18) bears 5 against a stop 91 and prevents longitudinal move- ..ment of the pawl carrier I04 and the movable pawl I09 in the operative direction to the right, under the aetion of spring I01 attached to the pawl carrier I04 (Fig. 18). o Inthe position of rest of the papercarriage 18 v the carriage spring not shown, operating through 'a'rack I32mounted on the paper carriage and a pinion I 33, engaging said rack and rotating with the escapement wheel I03, rotates the latter in the 5 direction of the arrow I34 (Figs. 18 and: 19). The

paper carriage 18 is longitudinally guided on rails,

bracket 99 in which an escapement member I02 movable pawl I09 engaging the escapement wheel I03 is thereby turned about its pivot H0 in the pawl carrier I04 against the action of its spring HI and in left hand direction (Fig. 18), andis held in engagement with ,a stop pin II9 also mounted in the pawl carrier III4. By this action I of the escapement wheel I03 under the force of the carriage spring, upon the movable pawl I09,

the pawl carrier I04 is held in its extreme left hand 7 rod I21 and a lever I28 pivoted at I29 in the bracket 99, the escapement member I02 is rotated. aboutits pivots IOI from the position of Fig. 20 into the position of Fig. 7. During the rocking of the escapement member I02 the escapement tooth I 08 fixed thereto enters thesame tooth gap of the escapement wheel I03 which the movable 'pawl I09 has just left. The movable pawl I09 under the action of the spring III then rocks to a position in which it bears against a striker lever II3 pivoted at II2 to the ecapement member I02, which lever H3 is held by a stronger spring II4 against a stop pin II5,also mounted on the escapement member I02, and in the, position of the pawl carrier I04 shown in Fig. 18 the rocking movement of the movable pawl I09 is limitedto one tooth gap distance of the escapement wheel I03, in. the. broken line position.

The movable pawl I09, on return rocking of the escapement member I02 in right hand direc tion (Figs. 7 and 18) enters the tooth gap of the escapement wheel I03 now opposite thereto and is turned by the force of the carriage spring from one of the teeth of the escapement wheel I03 against a limit stop II9 (Fig. 18) the escapement wheel I03 and the paper carriage'18 moving one step. During the termination of the advancing step the type drive means II8, I2I, I25, I24 find themselves again in the return path from the striking position of Fig. '1 into the position of rest. To make possible a movement of the movable escapement pawl I09 after its disengagement from the escapement wheel I03 through more than one tooth pitch of the escapement wheel I03, the stop 91 against which the locking pin I08 of the pawl carrier I04 rests, is slidably arranged. For this' purpose the stop 91 is mounted-on a member 98 which is pivoted about an axis I00 in the bracket 99 against the action of a spring I I8. The spring II8 holds the member 98 normally in the position limited by a pin I20 shown in Figs. '7, 8, 22 and 23 and in which the stop 91 prevents shifting of the locking pin I08, and therefore the pawl carrier I04 with-the movable escapement pawl I09, to the right (Fig. 18).

The rocking of the stop' 91 from its locking position of Figs. 7 or 18 into a position which frees the movement of the pawl carrier I04, as shown in Figs. 8 or 19, takes place upon "striking. certain type keys I|8 by means of the extensions II1a, H11), H10, arranged on the associated key levers I2I, which extensions according to their nature and arrangement act upon the setting member 88 the construction and arrangement of which will be hereinafter described. The stop 91 when in the position of Figs. 8 or 19 frees a. path for the locking pin- I08 of the pawl carrier I04, whereby after the disengagement of the movable escapement I09 from the teeth of the escapement wheel I03, the pawl carrier I04 follows the pull of the spring I01, by means of a longitudinal movement on the guide pins I05, and the movable pawl I09 is enabled, owing to the carrying along of its pivot pin- IIO by the pawl carrier I04, to effect a larger locking movement in the right hand direction (Fig. 19) than previously, as far as the striking lever I I3. The total rocking of the movable pawl I09 about its pivot I I0 may amount for example to the width of two tooth points of the ecapement wheel I03 so that the paper carriage 16 in this case performs an advance step of double width upon actuation of a corresponding type key H6.

The setting member.83 is supported by a rod 93 movably mounted in rocking arms 9I and lies transverse to all the key levers I2I- and below them. The rocking arms 9I are freely movable about an axis 90 (Figs. 8 and 9) and are also connected to each other by a bail 92. To the bail is attached a lever 94 which bears against the setting member 89 from below and guides the same without preventing its movement about the axis 93. The rocker arms 9I, together with the ball 92, the lever 94 and the pivot rod. 93 of the setting member 00 constitute a supporting frame pivotable about the axis 90. The free arm of the lever 94 is jointed to a link 95 and the latter to an arm of the pivoted member 96, so that when the supporting frame 9I to 94 is rocked by means of the key levers I2I acting through the setting member 80, the stop 91 on the pivoted member 96 is turned to the left (Fig. '7)

The setting of'the member 33 is controlled through the links 86, 31 by the case shift lever 00, and is dependent on the case position of the platen 11. said member 93, in the lower position of the case .shiit frame 83 and therefore of the platen roller 11, is in the position designated A. In this position of the platen roller 11 shown in Fig. '1, when a type lever I24 is operated. the lower type I23a. eiiects printing. The setting member is in the broken line position B when an intermediate case position of the frame 83 and the platen 11 is set, and in the broken line position C when an upper case position is set (Fig. 10). In the middle or upper case position of the platen roller 11 upon operating the type bars I24, the middle types I23b or the'upper type I230 effect printing.

In order to determine for each type character I23a, I231). I230, of each individual type lever I24, in simple manner, the necessary width of advance step of the carriage, the said member 88 is arranged directly opposite the extensions II1a. H11), 10 which are preferably exchange ably mounted on the key levers I2I so that the setting member 08 upon depression of a key H6 is turned into the position A, B or C or in several of these positions according to the arrangement of the extensions on the corresponding key lever I2I, this movement of the setting member 88 being accomplished by its supporting frame 0| to 94 about the axis 90, whereby in the above described manner an advance step of greater width is effected.

As appears from the illustration in Figs. 11 to 17, the extensions II 1a, H11), H10 are arranged according to the possible positions A, B, C of the setting member 80. which extensions can act on said member on depression of the associated key lever I2I only in the proper position of the said member. The extension II1a. for example is effective upon the setting member 30 only in the position A of the member, and in the positions 13 and C passes over the setting member 83 upon depression of the corresponding key lever I2I. By arrangement of more than one extension on a key lever I2I (Figs. 14 to 1'1) it is possible to influence the setting member 83 on depressing the associated key lever I2I in more than one setting of the member 83.

The extensions II1a, H11), H10 and their combinations as shown in Figs. 11 ton, may consist of suitably formed elements which may be attached in any suitable member to the several key levers- I2I. However, as shown in Figs. '1 and 8 individual similarly formed actuator parts II1 may be attached in different positions and in different combinations to the key levers I2I.

The advance step widths of the paper carriage made possible with the previously described mechanism 01' Figs. 11 to 17 In the difierent case positions of the platen roller 11 or of the setting member 30, can be seen from the following table.

In position A B 0 Double Single Single Single. Double Do do Single.... Double Double. Double Single.

Single do Double Double. Single... Do.

do ouble... Do.

As shown in full lines in Fig. 10 the- The inventive idea can obviously be further applied in different ways for example when additional width of advance step of the paper carriage or additional case shift positions of the platen roller are required, or when a type lever segment or other case shift device is used;

Figs. 21 to 26 illustrate such another modification in a typewriter of a kind shown in Figs. '1 to 20. In this case an additional or triple width of advance step is provided. The stop 91 on. the rocker member 98 is provided with a notch 91'. This provides stop members 91, 91' forming limit stops for the locking pin I00 on the pawl carrier I04, permitting displacements of different mag-. nitude of the pawl carrier I04 on the guide pins I06, whereby the movable escapement pawl I09 after rocking out of engagement with the escapethrough a single tooth pitch, when the shift ofthe setting member I04 in thedirection of action of the spring I01 is limited by striking of the pin I06 against the stop 91. If the pivoted member is turned by an amount which brings the stop notch 91' into the path of movement of the locking pin, I06 (Fig. 23), then when'the movable pawl'l09 disengages the escapement wheel I03, the pawl carrier I04 is moved by the spring I01to'such a degree that the locking pin I00 bears against the stop notch 91'. The stroke of the movable escapement pawl I09 up to the striker lever H3 is thereby increased so that the movable pawl I09 advances in! two tooth pitches of the escapement wheel In the case of a greater rocking of the member 08 the stop notch 91' also moves out of the path of the locking pin I09 (Figs. 21 and 22). The pawl carrier I04, when the movable pawl I03 disengages the escapement wheel. I03 is moved by the spring I01 until it strikes the limit stop on the escapement member I02.

In this case the movable pawl I09 is swung to such an extent that it jumps two tooth gaps of the ratchet wheel I03, so that the ratchet wheel I03, on re-engagement of the movable pawl I09, is advanced by a distance corresponding to triple spacing.

. ample in Figs. 24 to 26. In conjunction with the different case positionsof the platen roller 11 or of the setting member 08'for the particular key lever l2l in question, the following advance step widths ofthe paper carriage 16 are obtained:

Inposition A B o Triple..." Single. Double... Triple. Figure26 Triple. Single"... Double.

It will be seen that in this manner an extraordinary large number of combinations of different advance steps is obtained and these posi tions are possible for each single key.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a typewriter having a machine frame, a paper carriage, type carriers with different types thereon, key-actuated parts for operating said type carriers, and means for case shifting the machine to print different types; a paper carriage escapement mechanism comprising an escapement wheel, a rocking spacing device carrying escapement pawls co-operating with said wheel, one of said pawls being movable to control the spacing distance, an adjustable abutment deter-. miningthe movement of said pawl into different positions corresponding to different spacing distances,.a plurality of groups of, actuator parts mounted on selected key-actuated parts, and setting means operatively connected with the adjustable abutment and with said case shifting means, said setting means comprising a single member movable, during case shifting without changing the position of the abutment, into a plurality of operative positions relatively to all the actuator parts of said groups, said positions being such that in at least one of them the member is contacted by one of said actuator parts upon actuation of the corresponding key-actuated part, whereby the single member follows the movement of said contacting actuator part and changes the position of said abutment correspondingly.

2. A typewriter according to claim- 1, in which the single setting member consists of a rail arranged in such a manner as to rock about-a long situdinal axis, said rail being operatively connected to parts of the machine moved when the case shifting operation takes place, causing the rail to be rocked to differentcase shift determined positions.

3. A typewriter according to claim 1, in which the single setting member consists of a rail which performs a rocking movement during a case shift operation of the machine, and in which a frame is provided in which the setting member is pivotally mounted, said frame moving along with the setting memberv during the drive of thesetting member by the actuator parts.

4. A typewriter according to claim 1, in-which the single setting member consists of a rail which performs a rocking movement during a case shift operation of the machine, and in which a frame is provided in which the setting member is pivot- -ally mounted, said frame moving along with the setting member during the drive of the setting member by the actuator parts, and means are provided to transmit the movement of the frame to the abutment determining the travel of the movable pawl. I I v 5. A typewriter according to claim 1, in which the different positions of the actuator parts on the key-actuated parts are obtained by utilizing 8. A typewriter according to claim 1, in which.

a frame is provided for the single setting member and the'actuator parts for obtaining different travel movements of'the frame and of the abutment are arranged at different distances from the single setting member on the key-actuated parts, and inwhich an adjustable pawl carrier is provided the movement of which is controlled by the abutment, the movable escapement pawl being mounted on the pawl carrier,

9t A typewriter according to claim 1, in which a frame is provided for the single setting member and the actuator parts for obtaining different travel movements of the frame and of the abutment are arranged at different distances from the single setting. member on the key-actuated parts, and in which an adjustable pawl carrier and a stop are provided wherein the movable escapement pawl pivots on the pawl carrier by an amount limited by the stop to obtain a single escapement step, a larger escapement step being obtained by a displacement of the pawl carrier controlled by the adjustable abutment.

U 10. A typewriter according to claim 1, in which EUGEN BUBCHICANN. 

